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The transfer of a British Victorian architecture of smoke to the industrial brickwork chimneys of Eastern Spain

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The transfer of a British Victorian architecture of smoke to the industrial brickwork chimneys of Eastern Spain

Abstract

The skyline of the industrial areas of cities in late 19th century Spain was characterised by that most potent of symbols of industrialisation, the brick chimney. Today, some of them survive and retain their majesty though playing a different role, being a memory of the industrial past or being a central feature in urban gardens and squares. Two different types of industrial chimney can be seen in a journey from the east to the southeast of Spain. Some characteristics are regional, while others bear the hallmark of family of builders who constructed them. An important question is to trace the origin of their various features, from their connections to the first brick chimneys in Britain to the ones built in Spain. The most common and clearest example of these links is between the brick and stone chimneys from Cornish mining areas in the 1820s -1870s which were copied and reproduced in eastern Andalucia. The industrial chimney built by Valencian and Murcian masters, transferred from Britain, spread to every region of Spain. These chimneys show construction details from both their roots – the builders of British factories and the Spanish artisans who copied and modified their construction, according to their own local building traditions.