Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most important technologies shaping contemporary
society, and education is no exception. In recent years, the growing availability of digital learning
environments, combined with advances in machine learning, natural language processing and data
analytics, is transforming how teaching and learning take place. However, the wide range of AI
technologies and applications in education often makes it difficult to understand how these tools fit
together within a coherent educational perspective.
This study proposes a conceptual framework that organises the main applications of AI in educational
contexts. The development of this framework is based on the analysis of the current literature that
reveals several major areas in which AI is currently applied in education. These include intelligent
tutoring systems, personalised and adaptive learning environments, learning analytics and educational
data mining, automated assessment and feedback systems, educational chatbots and virtual assistants,
and, more recently, generative AI tools.
By synthesising current research and organising it into a structured framework, this paper contributes to
ongoing discussions about the future role of AI in education. It also provides a foundation for future
research exploring how AI technologies can be integrated into educational systems.
